WHAT IS DIALYSIS ?

When the function of the kidney is performed by some artificial manoeuvre it is known as dialysis.

THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF DIALYSIS

• When it is performed by a machine it is known as haemodialysis.
• When it is performed by peritoneal members of the abdomen it is called peritoneal dialysis.

 HAEMODIALYSIS 

Haemodialysis is also a life saving treatment for patients with acute and end stage kidney failure. Patients with end stage renal failure requires thrice weekly dialysis 4 hours each time to the rest of their life.

Hemodialysis unit in BSMMU

The first haemodialysis in Bangladesh was started in 1968 in Dhaka Medical College and in 1976 in IPGMR. However regular dialysis was established in IPGMR since 1986. There were approximately 3000 patients on maintenance dialysis (MHD).

 SUCCESS RATE 

The success rate of haemodialysis is 85% for the first year, 65% for 5 years if regular thrice weekly dialysis is performed.

COST OF HAEMODIALYSIS

The cost of haemodialysis is very high. Patient is dependent on machine for their life. The cost of dialysis per patient per year is approximately Tk. 2,50,000.00/-. However in government hospital this is almost free. 

 PERITONEAL DIALYSIS  

INTERMITTENT PERITONEAL DIALYSIS (IPD)

When dialysis is performed by exchanging fluid into the peritoneal cavity for 48 hours it is known as IPD. IPD is usually done in patients requiring acute dialysis. This form of dialysis is not suitable for long term dialysis. It is usually done as a temporary form of treatment in either acute or End Stage Kidney Failure patients. The first IPD was started in 1973 in IPGMR and since then approximately 80-100 patients with acute and end stage kidney failure is regularly treated with this form of treatment every year.

COST OF IPD

The cost of single IPD is approximately TK. 7500.00/- only. In IPGMR this form of treatment is being offered free of cost.

 CONTINUOUS AMBULATORY PERITONEAL DIALYSIS (CAPD)

When 4 exchange of fluid is performed per day into the peritoneal cavity it is called CAPD.

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is a form of chronic dialysis used as a life saving treatment of end stage kidney failure. T he efficacy and cost is almost similar to that of maintenance haemodialysis. This form of dialysis can be performed at home and by the patients themselves.

The first CAPD was performed in IPGMR in 1979. Then again it was started in 1996. At present there are approximately 25 patients on this form of treatment.

COST OF CAPD

The cost of CAPD treatment is similar to that of thrice weekly haemodialysis treatment, approximately Tk. 2,50,000.00 per patient per year.